The foreach directive in Keep workflows allows you to iterate over a list of items and perform actions for each item. This is particularly useful for processing multiple results returned by a step or performing actions on a collection of entities.

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Key Features

  • Dynamic Iteration: Iterate over any list or array returned by a step or defined in the workflow.
  • Scoped Variables: Each iteration exposes the current item under the foreach variable, allowing you to access its properties directly.
  • Action Chaining: Multiple actions can use foreach to work sequentially on the same list of items.

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Defining a foreach

To use foreach, include it as part of an action. The value of foreach should be a reference to the list you want to iterate over.

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Example Workflow with foreach

workflow:
  id: foreach-example
  description: Demonstrates the use of foreach
  triggers:
    - type: manual
  steps:
    - name: get-pods
      provider:
        type: gke
        config: "{{ providers.gke }}"
        with:
          command_type: get_pods
  actions:
    - name: echo-pod-status
      foreach: "{{ steps.get-pods.results }}"
      provider:
        type: console
        with:
          message: "Pod name: {{ foreach.value.metadata.name }} || Namespace: {{ foreach.value.metadata.namespace }} || Status: {{ foreach.value.status.phase }}"
In this example:
  • The get-pods step retrieves a list of Kubernetes pods.
  • The foreach iterates over the results returned by the get-pods step.
  • For each pod, it prints its name, namespace, and status.

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Using foreach Variables

The foreach variable provides scoped access to the current item in the iteration.

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Example of Scoped Variables

actions:
  - name: notify-pod-status
    foreach: "{{ steps.get-pods.results }}"
    provider:
      type: slack
      with:
        message: |
          Pod Name: {{ foreach.value.metadata.name }}
          Namespace: {{ foreach.value.metadata.namespace }}
          Status: {{ foreach.value.status.phase }}
In this case:
  • {{ foreach.value }} refers to the current item in the list.
  • Access properties like metadata.name, metadata.namespace, and status.phase` dynamically.

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Using Conditions with foreach

You can combine foreach with if conditions to filter or act selectively. 
actions:
  - name: alert-critical-pods
    foreach: "{{ steps.get-pods.results }}"
    if: "{{ foreach.value.status.phase == 'Failed' }}"
    provider:
      type: slack
      with:
        message: "Critical pod failure detected: {{ foreach.value.metadata.name }}"